Herself’s Artificial Intelligence

What makes this robot interesting is that it uses touch to find its way around. Biotact is a consortium of researchers from all over the world who are working on this project.

. . .Based on principles of active sensing adopted widely in the animal kingdom, the multinational team is developing innovative touch technologies, including a ‘whiskered’ robotic rat. The whiskered robot will be able to quickly locate, identify and capture moving objects. ‘The use of touch in the design of artificial intelligence systems has been largely overlooked, until now,’ says Prof. Ehud Ahissar of the Weizmann Institute of Science’s Neurobiology Department, whose research team is one of the groups participating in the multinational project. . . [ read more Robot rat to lead the way in touch technology ]

. . . What is the whisker’s “secret”? Why is the sense of touch through a rat’s whiskers much more efficient than that of the average person’s fingertips? The consortium’s teams have provided some insights into these questions. One explanation concerns the way in which the sensory system works: Whiskers actively sweep back and forth repetitively, accumulating information about the surrounding environment. The sensing begins in the neurons at the whiskers’ bases, which then fire signals off to the brain. Moreover, experiments have shown that the way in which a rat uses its whiskers is context-dependent. The seemingly simple act of feeling out a three-dimensional object, for example, requires three different types of code, each encoding a different dimension – the horizontal, the vertical, and the radial (distance from the whisker base). The horizontal plane, for instance, is encoded in the precise timing of neural signals relative to the whisking motion. The vertical, i.e., the object height, is encoded by the vertical spacing of the whiskers, which are arranged grid-like on either side of the snout. The radial plane, on the other hand, is encoded in the number of times the neurons fire: The closer an object is to the rat’s snout, the higher the number of neuron-signaling spikes. . . [ read more Global team developing 'Robotic rats' ]

More information:
BIOmimetic Technology for vibrissal ACtive Touch ( BIOTACT)

Papers:
Whiskerbot: A robotic active touch system modeled on the rat whisker system ( $$$ pdf )
An active artificial whisker array for texture discrimination ( $$$ pdf )

Rapid Miner is a Java based XML data mining program with a graphical interface. It was first written in 2001 and became open sourced in 2004.

RapidMiner (formerly YALE) is the most comprehensive open-source software for intelligent data analysis, data mining, knowledge discovery, machine learning, predictive analytics, forecasting, and analytics in business intelligence (BI). RapidMiner provides more than 400 data mining operators, a graphical user interface (GUI), an online tutorial with hands-on data mining applications, a comprehensive PDF tutorial, many visualization schemes for data sets and data mining results, many different learning and meta-learning schemes ranging from decision tree and rule learners to neural networks, SVMs, ensemble methods, etc.
RapidMiner is implemented in Java and available under GPL (GNU General Public License) as well as under a developer license (OEM license) for closed-source developers. [ see: Rapid Miner: Java Data Mining ]

More information:
Source Forge Page for RapidMiner

Last month several tech sites ran headlines about “3d Shape Shifting Robot Swarms”. We’ve also seen this begin to appear in many recent science fiction stories.

Goldstein calls the programmable matter claytronics and the tiny robots catoms. And it’s not all out of a sci-fi movie. Goldstein said. Working hand-in-hand with Intel Corp., the research team has made a lot of progress in getting the catoms to bond together and even share power.

Think of each catom as a tiny robot or computer that has computational power, memory and the ability to store and share power. Right now, each catom has 24 electromagnets around its circumference. Based on whether the electromagnets are powered on or off decides how the catoms are moved into position with each other. The robots will harness these forces to achieve their goals.

“They talk to each other all the time and move together or apart,” explained Goldstein. “In the long term, we’ll use electrostatic forces. We’ll create it by putting a voltage on them.” . . [ read more 3d Shape Shifting Robot Swarms ]

This technology is not as far fetched as it might seem at first blush. We’ve seen chairs that fall apart and put themselves back together. and NASA had a pyramid shape shifting robot in 2005 which they hope to miniaturize to nano scale. And a Xerox researcher built a shape shifting robot in 2000.

So shape shifting robots are closer than you think, and are you really sure that lamp on your desk is just a lamp?

More information:
York investigates evolving ‘swarm’ robots
Swarm robotics work hundreds of robots into one